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Resourceful Resources
Below is a list of just a few of my favorite
utilities from the NT Resource Kit - Supplement Disk#4. They can
make many of the difficult and time consuming tasks of an NT
administrator not much more than an afterthought.
ASSOCIAT.EXE
– This handy utility will add/remove file associates.
This will associate certain files with specific programs.
"ASSOCIAT .ORA NOTEPAD.EXE /F" would associate your Oracle
configuration files with Notepad.
"ASSOCIAT .DB /F" to prevent *.DB files from trying to auto-open
with a specific app
DEPENDS
– This utility will let you see DLL dependencies with an executable.
This is handy in troubleshooting. If a program runs well on one
machine but not another, this will give you a list of all of the
dependent DLLs. You can then use this as a list to verify version
dates on the different machines. Now you know what is running in the
background.
DRIVERS – Drivers will
display to the screen a list of all drivers loaded on a PC along
with dates for those drivers. If you know that drivers with a
certain date cause instability or other problems, then this utility
can be redirected in script files to a text file and then grepped to
help locate the machines that need to be updated.
PATHMAN – A simple utility to
modify a workstation’s path.
/as path[;path[;path ...]] Adds the semicolon-separated paths to
the system path
/au path[;path[;path ...]] Adds the semicolon-separated paths to
the user path.
/rs path[;path[;path ...]] Removes the semicolon-separated paths
from the system path
/ru path[;path[;path ...]] Removes the semicolon-separated paths
from the user path.
PULIST – This utility
will list all programs running and the authority with which they are
running such "SYSTEM" or User. Many will not find this very useful,
but we force-run many applications which all run in different
security contexts, so this is a handy troubleshooting utility to
verify the proper security context is being used.
SECADD – This very
simple utility allows you to tighten your registry settings. It
permits adding "read privilege" to a HKLM registry key and the
complete removal of the "everyone" group from a registry key. The
"everyone" group often has full rights to registry keys you do not
want anyone but admins to have. I resolve this problem by using
SECADD to first grant all users read privileges and then revoke the
"everyone" group. By performing the actions in this order, the local
user will have the rights to assign permissions before they are lost
by revoking the rights of the everyone group.
-a = add read privilege
-l= indicates local registry (does not work with removing the
everyone group)
SECADD –l –a SOFTWARE\MYSOFTWARE "MYDOMAIN\DOMAIN USERS"
SECADD –l –a SOFTWARE\MYSOFTWARE "USERS" (Local Users)
SECADD %computername% SOFTWARE\MYSOFTWARE (Variable should work)
SRVINFO – A handy
utility to collect information on the local machine. This data can
be redirected to a file in a script and then grepped to collect data
on all of your machines.
SU – This utility
will install as a service and allow you to interactively start a
process with a different security context. This is handy because it
will let an admin sit down at a users PC with the user still logged
on but perform any task with the admin’s authority.
XCACLS – like secadd but for file security
XCACLS filename [/T] [/E|/X] [/C] [/G user:perm;spec] [/R user
[...]]
[/P user:perm;spec [...]] [/D user [...]] [/Y]
filename Displays ACLs.
/T Changes ACLs of specified files in the current directory and
all subdirectories.
/E Edit ACL instead of replacing it.
/X Same as /E except it only affects the ACEs that the specified
users already own.
/C Continue on access denied errors.
/G user:perm;spec Grant specified user access rights.
Perm can be: R Read
C Change (write)
F Full control
P Change Permissions (Special access)
O Take Ownership (Special access)
X EXecute (Special access)
E REad (Special access)
W Write (Special access)
D Delete (Special access)
Spec can be the same as perm and will only be applied to a
directory. In this case, Perm will be used for file inheritence
in this directory. If not omitted: Spec=Perm. Special values
for Spec only:
T Not Specified (for file inherit, only for dirs valid)
At least one access right has to follow!
Entries between ';' and T will be ignored!
/R user Revoke specified user's access rights.
/P user:perm;spec Replace specified user's access rights for
access right specification see /G option
/D user Deny specified user access.
/Y Replace user's rights without verify
Wildcards can be used to specify more that one file in a
command.
You can specify more than one user in a command.
You can combine access rights.
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